Scientists have successfully taken first ever picture of the shadow of a काला छेद providing direct observation of its immediate environment
Image taken from “EHTC, Akiyama K et al 2019, ‘First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive ब्लैक होल‘, The Astrophysical Journal Letters, Vol. 875, no. L1.”
अति विशाल काला छेद were first predicted by Einstein in 1915 in his General Theory of Relativity when he showed gravity bends light. There have been many developments since then but never any direct evidence. Scientists were only able to detect them indirectly. The first real picture of the shadow of a super massive काला छेद has now been captured providing first direct evidence of their presence, thanks to ”The घटना क्षितिज दूरबीन सहयोग"।
RSI काला छेद are extremely compressed mass in a very small region. Its gravity is so high that nothing at all escapes if gets too close to its boundary. The घटना क्षितिज is the boundary around the काला छेद that marks what is inside and what is outside. Once anything crosses this boundary, it gets swallowed and can never come out. ब्लैक होल्स swallow all light therefore they are invisible and cannot be seen or pictured.
The intense gravity of काला छेद attracts and pulls interstellar gas onto itself faster and faster. This heats up the gas immensely and light radiation is emitted. These emissions are warped into a circular ring by the gravity of the काला छेद.
A काला छेद itself is invisible but its shadow against super-heated gas cloud around it could be pictured.
Black hole’s presence couldn’t be directly observed uptill now mainly due to the fact that काला छेद are extremely small targets for the available रेडियो telescopes which were not capable enough to observe their event horizon. Observing काला छेद directly needed building an ingenious telescope virtually the size of Earth.
It took about a decade to organise a network of telescopes called the ”Event Horizon Telescope” spanning the face of the Earth which combined eight separate telescopes in Mexico, Arizona, Hawaii, Chile and South Pole. All eight dishes of the telescope needed to be linked and pointed towards the काला छेद at exactly the same time. The signals received by the telescopes were combined by a correlator (a super computer) to give an image of the event horizon of the काला छेद.
इस प्रयोग की सफलता खगोल विज्ञान में एक महत्वपूर्ण सफलता है।
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{आप उद्धृत स्रोतों की सूची में नीचे दिए गए डीओआई लिंक पर क्लिक करके मूल शोध पत्र पढ़ सकते हैं}
स्रोत (रों)
1. ईएचटीसी, अकियामा के एट अल 2019। पहला M87 इवेंट होराइजन टेलीस्कोप परिणाम। I. द शैडो ऑफ द सुपरमैसिव ब्लैक होल'। द एस्ट्रोफिजिकल जर्नल लेटर्स, 875(L1) https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab0ec7
2. Max Planck Institute for रेडियो Astronomy, 2019. First-ever picture of a black hole. Retrieved from https://www.mpg.de/13337404/first-ever-picture-of-black-hole
3. ब्लैकहोलकैम, 2019। ब्लैक होल के घटना क्षितिज की इमेजिंग, से लिया गया https://blackholecam.org/
4. यूरोपीय आयोग - प्रेस विज्ञप्ति, 2019। यूरोपीय संघ द्वारा वित्त पोषित वैज्ञानिकों ने ब्लैक होल की पहली छवि का अनावरण किया। से लिया गया http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-19-2053_en.htm
