डीप स्पेस ऑप्टिकल कम्युनिकेशंस (डीएसओसी): नासा ने लेजर का परीक्षण किया

रेडियो frequency based deep अंतरिक्ष communication faces constraints due to low bandwidth and increasing need of high data transmission rates. Laser or optical based system has potential to break the communication constraints. नासा has tested laser communications against extreme distances and demonstrated high-bandwidth communications in deep अंतरिक्ष when it beamed to Earth an ultra-high-definition video via laser from a distance of 32 million km, from Psyche spacecraft which is currently travelling through deep अंतरिक्ष to metal-rich asteroid Psyche located in the asteroid belt between मार्च and Jupiter. This was first demonstration of optical communications beyond the Moon. Deep अंतरिक्ष Network (DSN) antenna received both रेडियो frequency and near-infrared laser signals.

गहरा अंतरिक्ष communication is mostly conducted using radio frequencies. However, radio frequency-based system cannot meet current and future communication needs of अंतरिक्ष sector in view of limited bandwidth and ever-increasing demand of high data transmission rates.

On the other hand, laser or optical based communication offer many advantages in terms of large bandwidths, high data rate links and low SWaP (size, weight and power) terminals. It has the potential to enhance data rates 10 to 100 times the capacity of most sophisticated radio systems currently in use thus can break the communication constraints. Hence, the imperative to advance optical communications for high-capacity deep अंतरिक्ष communications capable of meeting future interplanetary data transmission needs.

गहरा अंतरिक्ष Optical Communications (DSOC) experiment is a technology demonstration payload onboard Psyche spacecraft which is currently travelling through deep अंतरिक्ष to metal-rich छोटा तारा मानस के बीच क्षुद्रग्रह बेल्ट में स्थित है मार्च and Jupiter. In December 2023, it demonstrated high-bandwidth communications in deep अंतरिक्ष when it beamed to Earth an ultra-high-definition video via laser from 32 million km in deep space. This was first demonstration of optical communications beyond the Moon.

दीप अंतरिक्ष Network (DSN) is network of facilities located in different parts of the world to communicate with faraway spacecrafts exploring solar system. An experimental antenna of this network received both radio and laser signals beamed from Psyche spacecraft in deep space. This suggests that DSN antennas which currently communicate with spacecrafts via radio signals could be retrofitted for laser communications.

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सन्दर्भ:

कार्मस एस., एट अल 2022। ऑप्टिकल कम्युनिकेशंस डीप स्पेस कम्युनिकेशंस के भविष्य को कैसे आकार दे सकते हैं? एक सर्वेक्षण। प्रीप्रिंट arXiv. डीओआई: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2212.04933

रॉबिन्सन बीएस, 2023। अंतरिक्ष अन्वेषण और विज्ञान के लिए ऑप्टिकल संचार. ऑप्टिकल फाइबर संचार सम्मेलन 2023।

नासा के टेक डेमो ने लेजर के माध्यम से गहरे अंतरिक्ष से पहला वीडियो स्ट्रीम किया। 18 दिसंबर 2023 को पोस्ट किया गया। यहां उपलब्ध है https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/stmd/tech-demo-missions-program/deep-space-optical-communications-dsoc/nasas-tech-demo-streams-first-video-from-deep-space-via-laser/

नासा. समाचार - नासा का नया प्रायोगिक एंटीना डीप स्पेस लेजर को ट्रैक करता है। 08 फरवरी 2024 को पोस्ट किया गया। यहां उपलब्ध है https://www.nasa.gov/technology/space-comms/deep-space-network/nasas-new-experimental-antenna-tracks-deep-space-laser/